What is sentence,,,?

          

A sentence, in its simplest form and structure, is an arrangement of words that expresses a complete thought. Sentences are the foundation of communication.

Kinds and Structures of Sentences
Sentences may be one of four kinds:

1. A declarative sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period:
The rain ruined the picnic.

2. An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark:
Do you have homework tonight?

3. An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. It ends with a
period:
Please open the window.

4. An exclamatory sentence expresses strong emotion. It ends with an exclamation
point:
Look out for the car!

Sentences may also be classified according to structure:
• A simple sentence has one complete subject and one complete predicate:
Tom went to band practice.

• A compound sentence contains two or more simple sentences that may
be joined by a conjunction such as and, but, or, or nor. A comma usually
comes before the conjunction. Sometimes a semicolon may join the simple
sentences. The simple sentences that make up a compound sentence are called
independent, or main, clauses:
Terri came home from school, and she started her homework.

• A complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one
dependent, or subordinate, clause. The independent clause can stand alone. The
dependent clause cannot:
When the alarm went off, Danny automatically hit the snooze button.

Subjects and Predicates
Sentences are built around subjects and predicates. In the following examples the
subjects and predicates are italicized.

• The complete subject of a sentence includes all the words that tell who or what
the sentence is about:
James is an excellent baseball player.
The powerful storm swept up the coast.
The snow will fall throughout the night.

• The simple subject is the most important word or words in the complete subject.
The simple subject is usually a noun or pronoun:
James is an excellent baseball player.
The powerful storm swept up the coast.
The snow will fall throughout the night.

• Subjects may be compound. A compound subject has two or more simple
subjects:
Roberto and Anna are twins.

• The complete predicate of a sentence includes all the words that tell what the
subject is or does:
James is an excellent baseball player.
The powerful storm swept up the coast.
The snow will fall throughout the night.

• The simple predicate is the most important word or words in the complete
predicate. It is a verb or a verb phrase:
James is an excellent baseball player.
The powerful storm swept up the coast.
The snow will fall throughout the night.

• A predicate may be compound, which means it has two or more simple
predicates:
Jason swims and jogs for exercise.

Fragments and Run-On Sentences
Sentence fragments and run-on sentences are incorrect sentences.

• A fragment is a group of words that make up only part of a sentence. A
fragment does not express a complete thought. A fragment may be missing a
subject, a predicate, or both:
A package to Louis.
Finished her homework.
The playful puppy.

• To correct a fragment, rewrite it so that it contains a subject and predicate:
I sent a package to Louis.
Kim finished her homework.
The playful puppy bounded after the squeaky toy.

• A run-on sentence occurs when two or more separate sentences are joined
incorrectly:
The boys played video games they watched a movie.
The magician was excellent, the audience marvelled at his tricks.

• To correct a run-on, combine the ideas, or write the sentence as a compound
sentence with the correct punctuation. You may also separate the different
ideas and write them as two sentences:
The boys played video games and watched a movie.
The boys played video games, and they watched a movie.
The boys played video games. They watched a movie.
The magician was excellent, and the audience marvelled at his tricks.
The magician was excellent. The audience marvelled at his tricks.

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